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<math>Average Deviation =\sum_{i=1}^{n} \frac{xi-\bar{x}}{n}</math>
 
<math>Average Deviation =\sum_{i=1}^{n} \frac{xi-\bar{x}}{n}</math>
*<math>\=\sum_{i=1}^{columns}</math> <br/>
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*The <math>\chi^2</math> test first calculates a <math>\chi^2</math> statistic using the formula:
 
<math>\chi^2 = \sum_{i=1}^{columns} \sum_{j=1}^{rows} \frac{(observed ij-expected ij)^{2}}{grand total}</math>
 
<math>\chi^2 = \sum_{i=1}^{columns} \sum_{j=1}^{rows} \frac{(observed ij-expected ij)^{2}}{grand total}</math>
 
*Here <math>xi</math> is the observation.  
 
*Here <math>xi</math> is the observation.  
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