Manuals/calci/SHIFT

MATRIX("SHIFT",order)

• $order$ is the size of the Shift matrix.

Description

• This function returns shift matrix of order 3.
• A shift matrix is a binary matrix with ones only on the superdiagonal or subdiagonal, and zeroes elsewhere.
• A shift matrix U with ones on the superdiagonal is an upper shift matrix.
• The alternative subdiagonal matrix L is unsurprisingly known as a lower shift matrix.
• Let Z is a shift matrix , then $ZA,Z^{T}A,AZ,AZ^{T},ZAZ^{T}$ are equal to the matrix A shifted one position down, up left, right, and down along the main diagonal respectively.
• The alternative subdiagonal matrix L is unsurprisingly known as a lower shift matrix.
• The $(i,j)^{th}$ component of U and L are:

$U_{ij}=\delta _{i+1,j},\quad L_{ij}=\delta _{i,j+1}$.

where $\delta _{ij}$ is the Kronecker delta symbol.

• For example, the 5×5 shift matrices are:

$U_{5}={\begin{pmatrix}0&1&0&0&0\\0&0&1&0&0\\0&0&0&1&0\\0&0&0&0&1\\0&0&0&0&0\end{pmatrix}}$ $L_{5}={\begin{pmatrix}0&0&0&0&0\\1&0&0&0&0\\0&1&0&0&0\\0&0&1&0&0\\0&0&0&0&0\end{pmatrix}}$

• All shift matrices are nilpotent; an n by n shift matrix S becomes the null matrix when raised to the power of its dimension n.